2022 G20 Bali summit

2022 G20 Bali summit

The 17th Group of Twenty (G20) meeting took place on November 15–16, 2022, in Nusa Dua, Bali, Indonesia (in Indonesian: Konferensi Tingkat Tinggi G20 Bali 2022). The summit is scheduled for the fourth quarter of 2022, during Indonesia’s presidency (which began on December 1, 2021). At the conclusion of the Rome summit, Italian Prime Minister Mario Draghi handed off the G20 presidency gavel to Indonesian President Joko Widodo in a small, private ceremony. Youth20 (Y20), the G20’s youth engagement organization, staged the Y20 Indonesia 2022 Summit in Jakarta and Bandung, Indonesia, in July 2022, before the G20 Leaders Summit.

Background 

The 2020 G20 Summit was scheduled to be held in Indonesia. India, which was supposed to host the summit in 2022, instead opted to switch presidency years with Indonesia, which will also hold the chairmanship of ASEAN in 2023. “Indonesia will hold the G20 Presidency in December 2022, while India will hold the Presidency a year later,” , Retno remarked. On December 1, 2021, after the Rome conference concluded, Italian Prime Minister Mario Draghi handed off the presidency to Indonesian President Joko Widodo.

Preparations 

For the G20 meetings, the Indonesian government allocated Rp 674 billion (USD 45 million). [6] The Indonesian government sent in roughly 10,000 police officers and 18,000 soldiers to ensure the safety of the event, including 6,000 soldiers from Kodam IX/Udayana based out of Bali. Shortly before, during, and after the summit, flights to Bali’s I Gusti Ngurah Rai International Airport were curtailed, with commercial aircraft operating hours shortened and overnight stays prohibited. Airports in Surabaya, Lombok, and Makassar are being used as alternates for some flights.

Venue

Bali’s tourism industry was destroyed by the COVID-19 pandemic, but the G20 summit event was considered a chance to restore the island’s fortunes to their pre-pandemic levels. The Apurva Kempinski Hotel in Nusa Dua, Badung Regency, is the major location for the summit. Ngurah Rai Grand Forest Park hosted a mangrove planting session, the Sofitel Bali Nusa Dua Beach Resort hosted the Spouse Program, and the Garuda Wisnu Kencana Cultural Park hosted the gala dinner and traditional performances for the G20 summit.

Issues 

Russia and Ukraine 

Some nations demanded that Russian President Vladimir Putin be banned from the G20 following his invasion of Ukraine. Piotr Nowak, the minister of economic development for Poland, claimed in March 2022 that he had suggested excluding Russia from discussions with the US, and US President Joe Biden afterwards expressed support for the idea. Wang Wenbin, a spokesman for China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs, rejected these claims and asserted that no member has the authority to deny membership to another nation. Justin Trudeau, the prime minister of Canada, suggested that the group “re-evaluate” Russia’s involvement. At first, the Indonesian government tried to prevent the Russian invasion of Ukraine from being discussed at the summit. Although the summit is intended to center on pandemic and economic recovery, foreign minister Retno Marsudi said her nation’s government would take other members’ opinions and proposals into consideration.

United States Secretary of the Treasury Janet Yellen declared in April 2022 that she would not take part in Bali summit sessions where Russian delegates would be present. Several weeks later, at the Second Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governor Meeting, Yellen, Christine Lagarde, the President of the European Central Bank, Chrystia Freeland, the Deputy Prime Minister of Canada, and Serhiy Marchenko, the Finance Minister of Ukraine, all left when a Russian delegate started speaking. A few days later, Freeland stated at a news conference that Canada wanted Russia kicked out of the G20 and that Canadian delegates would not attend any meetings where Russia was present. Although there was not universal agreement that Russia should be eliminated, she claimed that the removal of Russia was a key topic of discussion among the delegates at the meetings.

President of Indonesia Joko Widodo invited Ukraine’s Volodymyr Zelenskyy to the meeting in April, and President of Russia Vladimir Putin confirmed his attendance in a phone call with Widodo. Anthony Albanese, the prime minister of Australia, said he would go to the summit even if Russia wasn’t there. Additionally, Trudeau said that Canada would still go to the conference even if Putin showed up there. Olaf Scholz, the chancellor of Germany, stated that the G7 leaders “did not want to drive the G20 apart” after the 2022 summit, while Ursula von der Leyen, the president of the European Commission, stated that she would not object to Putin attending the conference. Giorgia Meloni, the prime minister of Italy, declared she would go.

Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov would take Putin’s place at the G20 conference, the Russian embassy in Jakarta announced on November 10, 2022.

Outcome 

Russo-Ukrainian War

US President Joe Biden and Chinese President Xi Jinping both agreed at the summit that Russia should not use nuclear weapons in Ukraine. Xinhua, the Chinese state news agency, reported that Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi told his Russian counterpart Sergei Lavrov that Moscow’s decision not to use nuclear weapons showed the country’s “rational” and “responsible” attitude. It was a jab at Russia when Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy called the meeting the “G19” instead of the meeting itself. A story in The Washington Post said that both China and Russia were against using the word “war” to describe Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and including it in the final communiqué of the G20. In the end, the joint declaration said that “most members” were against Russia’s attack, but it also said that “there were other views and different assessments of the situation.”

Because of the 2022 missile blast in Poland, the second day of the summit had to be cut short for a short time so that the G7 and some NATO leaders could hold an emergency meeting. Sergey Lavrov, the foreign minister of Russia, had left the meeting late on the first day, before the incident. A “family photo” of the G20 leaders with Lavrov or a Russian group was not possible in 2022 because many of them did not want to be photographed with them.

US–China relations

In the days before the conference, US officials called their Chinese peers to set up a meeting between Biden and Xi. The meeting took three hours and took place on November 14. After Nancy Pelosi’s trip to Taiwan in 2022, ties and communication between the two countries got worse. The meeting was meant to help fix those problems. After that, Biden said that the US and China would not start a “new Cold War,” even though they didn’t say they agreed on how to handle the Taiwan issue.

Decarbonization in Indonesia 

The Indonesia Just Energy Transition Partnership, which includes the G7 countries, the EU, Denmark, and Norway, revealed a 20-billion-dollar deal to get Indonesia’s coal-based economy off of coal.

Participating leaders

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Participating invited guests 

Absent guests

After testing positive for COVID-19, Hun Sen, Prime Minister of Cambodia and 2022 Chairperson of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, canceled his trip and returned home before the summit began.

Participating international organization guests 

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